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616 Featured Specimen
European hake

Details

European hake

Merluccius merluccius

Size
0.3–1.4 m · 0.5–15 kg
Diet
Carnivore
Activity
Nocturnal
Sociality
Loose group
Lifespan

A long predatory fish of European deep shelves and slopes, rising at night to hunt and valued as a whitefish.

Range

Habitat range map
Native range Occasional / Transient
Atlantic OceanAtlantic OceanAtlantic OceanAtlantic OceanAtlantic OceanPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearctic

Map: Ecoregions 2017 © RESOLVE (CC BY 4.0) · Natural Earth (PD)

Details

Habitat

Occurs in the northeastern Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Black Sea from continental shelves to slopes, deeper by day and higher in the water at night.

Appearance

The body is long and silvery gray, with a large head, wide mouth, sharp teeth, and separated dorsal-fin sections.

Behavior

It stays deeper in daylight and moves upward at night to feed. Adults may range widely along shelf waters.

Feeding

It eats fish, squid, and crustaceans, becoming more strongly fish-eating with growth.

Reproduction

Spawning seasons vary by region, and adults release eggs into open water over an extended period.

Notes

European hake is important in seafood markets, and stock condition depends strongly on regional fishing pressure.