Spotted hyena

Crocuta crocuta

The spotted hyena is a social carnivore of African savannas and grasslands. Nocturnal clans combine hunting, scavenging, and strong social bonds.

Key facts

Spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) is a carnivore animal classified as Mammal · Carnivora · Hyaenidae.
Primary habitats are savanna · grassland, with a range across Afrotropical.
Activity is nocturnal, sociality is social, and conservation status is LC (Least Concern).
The spotted hyena is a social carnivore of African savannas and grasslands.
It uses savanna, grassland, and open scrub.
Typical lifespan: 10-20 years

Habitat range map

Native rangeOccasional / Transient

Map: Ecoregions 2017 © RESOLVE (CC BY 4.0) · Natural Earth (PD)

It uses savanna, grassland, and open scrub. Productive prey areas with resting cover and den sites are important.

Body length is about 95-165 cm and weight about 45-85 kg. A high-shouldered build, spotted coat, powerful jaws, and rounded ears are distinctive.

Nocturnal clans have complex social structure. Calls, scent marks, and postures maintain contact and territory.

It is carnivorous, both hunting and scavenging. Strong jaws crush bone, and groups can pursue large prey.

Cubs grow in dens and depend on rich milk for a long period. Social rank affects development and access to food.

Its status is listed as Least Concern. As a large carnivore it also scavenges, though conflict with people can occur locally.