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European rabbit

Details

European rabbit

Oryctolagus cuniculus

Size
34–50 cm · 1.1–2.5 kg
Diet
Herbivore
Activity
Crepuscular
Sociality
Colony
Lifespan
3–9 years

The European rabbit is a small burrowing rabbit of open ground. It feeds in grasslands, lives in warrens, and is the ancestor of domestic rabbits.

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Key facts

  • European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) is a herbivore animal classified as Mammal · Lagomorpha · Leporidae.
  • Primary habitats are grassland · forest · urban, with a range across Palearctic · Australasian.
  • Activity is crepuscular, sociality is colony, and conservation status is EN (Endangered).
  • The European rabbit is a small burrowing rabbit of open ground.
  • It occurs in Palearctic and Australasian grassland, woodland edge, and urban areas.
  • Typical lifespan: 3–9 years

Range

Habitat range map
Native rangeOccasional / Transient
PalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticAustralasianAustralasianAustralasianAustralasianAustralasianAustralasianAustralasianAustralasianAustralasianAustralasianAustralasianAustralasianAustralasianAustralasianAustralasianAustralasianAustralasian

Map: Ecoregions 2017 © RESOLVE (CC BY 4.0) · Natural Earth (PD)

Details

Habitat

It occurs in Palearctic and Australasian grassland, woodland edge, and urban areas. Diggable soil, short vegetation, and cover are important.

Appearance

Length 34-50 cm; weight 1.1-2.5 kg. It has a compact body, long ears, short tail, and strong hind legs. Wild animals are grey-brown and well camouflaged on the ground.

Behavior

Crepuscular and colonial, it uses networks of underground burrows. At alarm it bolts to cover or dives into the warren.

Feeding

A herbivore, it eats grasses, leaves, shoots, and bark. Reingesting soft droppings helps extract nutrients from plant material.

Reproduction

Females can breed rapidly and give birth to litters in underground nest chambers. Young are born blind and develop in the burrow.

Notes

It is listed as Endangered in its native range, yet introduced populations can damage farms and native ecosystems. Disease and habitat change are major pressures where it is native.