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164 Featured Specimen
Common eider

Details

Common eider

Somateria mollissima

Size
Wingspan 0.8–1.1 m · 1.2–3 kg
Diet
Omnivore
Activity
Diurnal
Sociality
Colony
Lifespan
8-25 years

The common eider is a large sea duck of northern coasts. It is diurnal and gathers in coastal colonies during the breeding season.

Range

Habitat range map
Native range Occasional / Transient
PalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticPalearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearcticNearctic

Map: Ecoregions 2017 © RESOLVE (CC BY 4.0) · Natural Earth (PD)

Details

Habitat

It uses cold coasts, rocky shores, islands, and shallow marine waters. Shellfish beds support feeding, while safer shorelines support nesting.

Appearance

Wingspan is about 80-108 cm and weight about 1.2-3 kg. Males are bold black and white with pale green on the nape; females are mottled brown.

Behavior

Active by day, it rests and dives in flocks at sea. At colonies, females often nest near one another and watch the nesting area closely.

Feeding

It is omnivorous but takes many mussels, crustaceans, and other seafloor animals. It dives to collect food from the bottom.

Reproduction

The female lines her ground nest with soft down from her body. Ducklings soon move to the sea and grow under female protection.

Notes

Its status is listed as Near Threatened. Coastal change and disturbance at breeding sites can affect local populations.