Sheepshead

Archosargus probatocephalus

A sparid of Atlantic and Gulf coasts, marked by black bars and strong teeth that crush shellfish and crustaceans.

Key facts

Sheepshead (Archosargus probatocephalus) is a carnivore animal classified as Fish · Spariformes · Sparidae.
Primary habitats are coast · coral reef, with a range across Atlantic Ocean · Nearctic.
Activity is diurnal, sociality is loose group, and conservation status is LC (Least Concern).
A sparid of Atlantic and Gulf coasts, marked by black bars and strong teeth that crush shellfish and crustaceans.
Occurs from the U.S.

Habitat range map

Native rangeOccasional / Transient

Map: Ecoregions 2017 © RESOLVE (CC BY 4.0) · Natural Earth (PD)

Occurs from the U.S. Atlantic coast into the Gulf of Mexico around estuaries, oyster reefs, rocks, jetties, and piers, often entering brackish water.

The body is silvery gray with several bold black vertical bars. Incisor-like front teeth and molars crush hard-shelled prey.

Individuals or small groups patrol structures and forage where oysters, barnacles, and crabs are abundant.

It eats oysters, barnacles, crabs, shrimp, and mollusks, using powerful jaws and teeth to break shells.

Spawning occurs mainly in spring in coastal waters. Larvae drift before juveniles grow in estuaries and shallows.

Sheepshead is a popular sport fish, famous for its teeth and close association with reef and pier communities.