Javan rhinoceros

Rhinoceros sondaicus

Size: 3–3.2 m · 0.9–2.3 t
Diet: Herbivore
Activity: Cathemeral
Sociality: Solitary
Lifespan: —

Javan rhinoceros is one of the rarest large mammals, now surviving in a tiny Indonesian range. Because the range is so restricted, disease, tsunami, or volcanic disturbance could have severe effects.

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Key facts

Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus) is a herbivore animal classified as Mammal · Perissodactyla · Rhinocerotidae.
Primary habitats are forest · freshwater, with a range across Indomalayan.
Activity is cathemeral, sociality is solitary, and conservation status is CR (Critically Endangered).
Javan rhinoceros is one of the rarest large mammals, now surviving in a tiny Indonesian range.
It uses lowland tropical forest, wetlands, and dense riverside vegetation.

Sources

wikidata.org

Range

Habitat range map

Native rangeOccasional / Transient

Map: Ecoregions 2017 © RESOLVE (CC BY 4.0) · Natural Earth (PD)

Details

Habitat

It uses lowland tropical forest, wetlands, and dense riverside vegetation. Main habitat types in this guide are forest, freshwater.

Appearance

Typical length 300-320 cm, weight 900 kg-2.3 t. It has a single small horn, heavy folded skin, and a massive body, slightly smaller than the Indian rhinoceros.

Behavior

It is active in repeated bouts across day and night and usually solitary. Adults are solitary and repeatedly use wallows and forest trails.

Feeding

It is herbivorous. Leaves, shoots, fruit, and shrubs are browsed inside forest habitats.

Reproduction

Females bear single calves at long intervals, and calves remain with the mother for a long period.

Notes

Wild populations are extremely limited and require strict protection. Because the range is so restricted, disease, tsunami, or volcanic disturbance could have severe effects.